security-domain-to-domain: Identity propagation to an EJB using different security domains

The security-domain-to-domain quickstart demonstrates the propagation of an identity across two different deployments using different security domains.

What is it?

The security-domain-to-domain quickstart demonstrates the propagation of an identity across two different deployments using different security domains.

When you deploy this example, one user is automatically created for you: user quickstartUser with password quickstartPwd1! This data is located in the web/src/main/resources/import.sql file.

This quickstart takes the following steps to implement Servlet security:

Web Application

Adds a security constraint to the Servlet using the @ServletSecurity and @HttpConstraint annotations.
Adds a security domain reference to WEB-INF/jboss-web.xml.
Adds a login-config that sets the auth-method to BASIC in the WEB-INF/web.xml.

EJB Application

Adds a security domain reference using the @org.jboss.ejb3.annotation.SecurityDomain annotation.

Application Server (standalone.xml)

Defines a security domain in the elytron subsystem that uses the JDBC security realm to obtain the security data used to authenticate and authorize users.
Defined a second security domain in the elytron subsystem similar to the first but with different role mappings.
Adds an application-security-domain mapping in the undertow subsystem to map the Servlet security domain to the security domain defined in step 1.
Adds an application-security-domain mapping in the ejb3 subystem to map the EJBs security domain to the security domain defined in step 2.

Database Configuration

Adds an application user with access rights to the application.

User Name: quickstartUser
Password: quickstartPwd1!

When used with the entry-domain, this user will have the role Users. When used with the business-domain, this user will have the role Manager.

Browse the source

System Requirements

The application this project produces is designed to be run on WildFly Application Server 33 or later.

All you need to build this project is Java 11.0 (Java SDK 11) or later and Maven 3.6.0 or later. See Configure Maven to Build and Deploy the Quickstarts to make sure you are configured correctly for testing the quickstarts.

Use of the WILDFLY_HOME and QUICKSTART_HOME Variables

In the following instructions, replace WILDFLY_HOME with the actual path to your WildFly installation. The installation path is described in detail here: Use of WILDFLY_HOME and JBOSS_HOME Variables.

When you see the replaceable variable QUICKSTART_HOME, replace it with the path to the root directory of all of the quickstarts.

When used with the entry-domain this will have the role Users, when used with the business-domain this will have the role Manager.

Back Up the WildFly Standalone Server Configuration

Before you begin, back up your server configuration file.

If it is running, stop the WildFly server.
Back up the WILDFLY_HOME/standalone/configuration/standalone.xml file.

After you have completed testing this quickstart, you can replace this file to restore the server to its original configuration.

Start the WildFly Standalone Server

Open a terminal and navigate to the root of the WildFly directory.
Start the WildFly server with the default profile by typing the following command.
```
$ WILDFLY_HOME/bin/standalone.sh 
```
Note
For Windows, use the WILDFLY_HOME\bin\standalone.bat script.

Configure the WildFly Server

You can configure the server by running JBoss CLI commands. For your convenience, this quickstart batches the commands into a configure-server.cli script provided in the root directory of this quickstart.

Before you begin, make sure you do the following:
- Back up the WildFly standalone server configuration as described above.
- Start the WildFly server with the standalone default profile as described above.
Review the configure-server.cli file in the root of this quickstart directory. This script adds security domains to the elytron subsystem in the server configuration and also configures the undertow and ejb3 subsystems to use the configured security domains for the Web application and for EJBs.
Open a new command prompt, navigate to the root directory of this quickstart, and run the following command, replacing WILDFLY_HOME with the path to your server:
```
$ WILDFLY_HOME/bin/jboss-cli.sh --connect --file=configure-server.cli
```
Note
For Windows, use the WILDFLY_HOME\bin\jboss-cli.bat script.

You should see the following result when you run the script:
```
The batch executed successfully
```
Stop the WildFly server.

Review the Modified Server Configuration

After stopping the server, open the WILDFLY_HOME/standalone/configuration/standalone.xml file and review the changes.

The following datasource was added to the datasources subsystem.

<datasource jndi-name="java:jboss/datasources/SecurityDomainToDomainDS" pool-name="SecurityDomainToDomainDS">
    <connection-url>jdbc:h2:mem:servlet-security;DB_CLOSE_ON_EXIT=FALSE</connection-url>
    <driver>h2</driver>
    <security>
        <user-name>sa</user-name>
        <password>sa</password>
    </security>
</datasource>

The following security realms were added to the elytron subsystem.

<jdbc-realm name="entry-realm">
    <principal-query sql="SELECT PASSWORD FROM USERS WHERE USERNAME = ?" data-source="SecurityDomainToDomainDS">
        <clear-password-mapper password-index="1"/>
    </principal-query>
    <principal-query sql="SELECT R.NAME, 'Roles' FROM ENTRY_ROLES ER INNER JOIN ROLES R ON R.ID = ER.ROLE_ID INNER JOIN USERS U ON U.ID = ER.USER_ID WHERE U.USERNAME = ?" data-source="SecurityDomainToDomainDS">
        <attribute-mapping>
            <attribute to="roles" index="1"/>
        </attribute-mapping>
    </principal-query>
</jdbc-realm>

The entry-realm security realm is responsible for verifying the credentials for a given principal and for obtaining security attributes (like roles) that are associated with the authenticated identity.

<jdbc-realm name="business-realm">
    <principal-query sql="SELECT PASSWORD FROM USERS WHERE USERNAME = ?" data-source="SecurityDomainToDomainDS">
        <clear-password-mapper password-index="1"/>
    </principal-query>
    <principal-query sql="SELECT R.NAME, 'Roles' FROM BUSINESS_ROLES BR INNER JOIN ROLES R ON R.ID = BR.ROLE_ID INNER JOIN USERS U ON U.ID = BR.USER_ID WHERE U.USERNAME = ?" data-source="SecurityDomainToDomainDS">
        <attribute-mapping>
            <attribute to="roles" index="1"/>
        </attribute-mapping>
    </principal-query>
</jdbc-realm>

The business-realm security realm is just used for loading the identity as it accesses the EJB.

The JDBC realms in this quickstart store the roles associated with a principal in an attribute named Roles.

Other realms might use different attributes for roles (such as group). If an attribute name other than "Roles" is used to store the roles, a role-decoder can be configured as follows:

/subsystem=elytron/simple-role-decoder=from-roles-attribute:add(attribute=ATTRIBUTE_NAME)

The commands to create the security domains could then be updated to reference this role-decoder:

/subsystem=elytron/security-domain=entry-security-domain:add(default-realm=entry-realm, realms=[{realm=entry-realm, role-decoder=from-roles-attribute}], permission-mapper=default-permission-mapper, outflow-security-domains=[business-security-domain])

/subsystem=elytron/security-domain=business-security-domain:add(default-realm=business-realm, realms=[{realm=business-realm, role-decoder=from-roles-attribute}], trusted-security-domains=[entry-security-domain])

The purpose of a role-decoder is to instruct the security domain how roles are to be retrieved from an authorized identity.

The following security domains were added to the elytron subsystem.

<security-domain name="entry-security-domain" default-realm="entry-realm" permission-mapper="default-permission-mapper" outflow-security-domains="business-security-domain">
    <realm name="entry-realm"/>
</security-domain>

<security-domain name="business-security-domain" default-realm="business-realm" trusted-security-domains="entry-security-domain">
    <realm name="business-realm"/>
</security-domain>

The entry-security-domain is configured to automatically outflow any identities to the business-security-domain and in return the business-security-domain is configured to trust any identities coming from the entry-security-domain.

The following application-security-domain was added to the undertow subsystem.
```
<application-security-domains>
    <application-security-domain name="EntryDomain" security-domain="entry-security-domain"/>
</application-security-domains>
```
This configuration tells Undertow that applications with the EntryDomain security domain, as defined in the jboss-web.xml or by using the @SecurityDomain annotation in the Servlet class, should use the security-domain named entry-security-domain.
The following application-security-domain was added to the ejb3 subsystem.
```
<application-security-domains>
    <application-security-domain name="BusinessDomain" security-domain="business-security-domain"/>
</application-security-domains>
```
This configuration tells EJB3 that applications with the BusinessDomain security domain, as defined in the jboss.xml or by using the @SecurityDomain annotation in the EJB class, should use the security-domain named business-security-domain.
When you have finished reviewing the configuration changes, start the WildFly server with the standalone default profile as described above before you build and deploy the quickstart.

Build and Deploy the Quickstart

Make sure WildFly server is started.
Open a terminal and navigate to the root directory of this quickstart.
Type the following command to build the quickstart.
```
$ mvn clean install
```
Type the following command to deploy the quickstart.
```
$ mvn wildfly:deploy
```

This deploys the security-domain-to-domain/ear/target/security-domain-to-domain.ear to the running instance of the server.

You should see a message in the server log indicating that the archive deployed successfully.

Access the Application

The application will be running at the following URL: http://localhost:8080/security-domain-to-domain/

When you access the application, you should get a browser login challenge.

Log in using the username quickstartUser and password quickstartPwd1!. The browser will display the following security info:

Successfully called Secured Servlet
Identity as visible to servlet.

Principal : quickstartUser

Remote User : quickstartUser

Authentication Type : BASIC

Caller Has Role 'User'=true

Caller Has Role 'Manager'=false
Identity as visible to EJB.

Principal : quickstartUser

Caller Has Role 'User'=false

Caller Has Role 'Manager'=true

This shows that the user quickstartUser calls the servlet and has role User but does not have the role Manager, as the call reaches the EJB the principal is still quickstartUser but now the identity does not have the role User and instead has the role Manager.

Run the Integration Tests

This quickstart includes integration tests, which are located under the src/test/ directory. The integration tests verify that the quickstart runs correctly when deployed on the server.

Follow these steps to run the integration tests.

Make sure WildFly server is started.
Make sure the quickstart is deployed.
Type the following command to run the verify goal with the integration-testing profile activated.
```
$ mvn verify -Pintegration-testing 
```

Undeploy the Quickstart

When you are finished testing the quickstart, follow these steps to undeploy the archive.

Make sure WildFly server is started.
Open a terminal and navigate to the root directory of this quickstart.
Type this command to undeploy the archive:
```
$ mvn wildfly:undeploy
```

Restore the WildFly Standalone Server Configuration

You can restore the original server configuration using either of the following methods.

You can run the restore-configuration.cli script provided in the root directory of this quickstart.
You can manually restore the configuration using the backup copy of the configuration file.

Restore the WildFly Standalone Server Configuration by Running the JBoss CLI Script

Start the WildFly server as described above.
Open a new terminal, navigate to the root directory of this quickstart, and run the following command, replacing WILDFLY_HOME with the path to your server:
```
$ WILDFLY_HOME/bin/jboss-cli.sh --connect --file=restore-configuration.cli
```
Note
For Windows, use the WILDFLY_HOME\bin\jboss-cli.bat script.

Restore the WildFly Standalone Server Configuration Manually

When you have completed testing the quickstart, you can restore the original server configuration by manually restoring the backup copy the configuration file.

If it is running, stop the WildFly server.
Replace the WILDFLY_HOME/standalone/configuration/standalone.xml file with the backup copy of the file.

Building and running the quickstart application with provisioned WildFly server

Instead of using a standard WildFly server distribution, you can alternatively provision a WildFly server to deploy and run the quickstart, by activating the Maven profile named provisioned-server when building the quickstart:

$ mvn clean install -Pprovisioned-server

The provisioned WildFly server, with the quickstart deployed, can then be found in the ear/target/server directory, and its usage is similar to a standard server distribution, with the simplification that there is never the need to specify the server configuration to be started.

The server provisioning functionality is provided by the WildFly Maven Plugin, and you may find its configuration in the quickstart pom.xml:

        <profile>
            <id>provisioned-server</id>
            <build>
                <plugins>
                    <plugin>
                        <groupId>org.wildfly.plugins</groupId>
                        <artifactId>wildfly-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                        <configuration>
                            <discover-provisioning-info>
                                <version>${version.server}</version>
                            </discover-provisioning-info>
                            <!--
                                Rename the output war to ROOT.war before adding it to the server, so that the
                                application is deployed in the root web context.
                            -->
                            <name>ROOT.war</name>
                            <add-ons>...</add-ons>
                        </configuration>
                        <executions>
                            <execution>
                                <goals>
                                    <goal>package</goal>
                                </goals>
                            </execution>
                        </executions>
                    </plugin>
                    ...
                </plugins>
            </build>
        </profile>

The plugin uses WildFly Glow to discover the feature packs and layers required to run the application, and provisions a server containing those layers.

If you get an error or the server is missing some functionality which cannot be auto-discovered, you can download the WildFly Glow CLI and run the following command to see more information about what add-ons are available:

wildfly-glow show-add-ons

Note	Since the plugin configuration above deploys quickstart on root web context of the provisioned server, the URL to access the application should not have the `/security-domain-to-domain` path segment after `HOST:PORT`.

Run the Integration Tests with a provisioned server

The integration tests included with this quickstart, which verify that the quickstart runs correctly, may also be run with a provisioned server.

Follow these steps to run the integration tests.

Make sure the server is provisioned.

$ mvn clean install -Pprovisioned-server

Start the WildFly provisioned server, this time using the WildFly Maven Plugin, which is recommended for testing due to simpler automation. The path to the provisioned server should be specified using the jbossHome system property.
```
$ mvn -f ear/pom.xml wildfly:start -DjbossHome=ear/target/server 
```
Type the following command to run the verify goal with the integration-testing profile activated, and specifying the quickstart’s URL using the server.host system property, which for a provisioned server by default is http://localhost:8080.
```
$ mvn verify -Pintegration-testing -Dserver.host=http://localhost:8080 
```
Shutdown the WildFly provisioned server, this time using the WildFly Maven Plugin too.
```
$ mvn -f ear/pom.xml wildfly:shutdown
```

WildFly for OpenShift Incompatibility

This quickstart is not compatible with WildFly for OpenShift.